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Apache Struts is an open-sourceweb application framework for developing Java EEweb applications. It uses and extends the Java ServletAPI to encourage developers to adopt a model–view–controller (MVC) architecture. Struts was created by Craig R. McClanahan and donated to The Apache Software Foundation in May 2000. Craig was the primary developer of both Struts 1.x and Tomcat 4. . Struts is hosted by the Apache Software Foundation(ASF) as part of its Jakarta project, like Tomcat, Ant and Velocity.
Although Struts is a well-documented, mature, and popular framework for building front ends to Java applications, there are other frameworks categorized as "lightweight" MVC frameworks such as Spring MVC, Stripes, Wicket, Play!, and Tapestry. The new XForms standards and frameworks may also be another option to building complex web form validations with Struts in the future.
The WebWork framework spun off from Apache Struts aiming to offer enhancements and refinements while retaining the same general architecture of the original Struts framework. However, it was announced in December 2005 that Struts would re-merge with WebWork. WebWork 2.2 has been adopted as Apache Struts2, which reached its first full release in February 2007.
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